高一下册英语单词，新高一必备人教版必修一unit1重点词汇预习

Unit1 Friendship 词汇篇

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通过本节课的学习掌握Unit1 Friendship中单词、短语及句型的运用。

一 . 重点词汇

1. add v.增加，加

常用结构：

add A to B 把A 加在B 上

add up 把…加起来

add +that 从句 补充说

add to 增加，增添

add up to 总共是， 合计为

经典例句：

The fire is going out. Will you add some wood to it?

“I felt sorry for her,” Bob added.

These numbers add up to 100.

拓展：

addition n.增加，添加物，加法 in addition (to sb./sth.)另外；除…之外（还）

additional adj. 附加的；另外的

2. point n.分数，点，要点发v.指

1. n.可数名词 尖端， 尖头

Do you have a pencil with a sharper point?

2. n.可数名词 得分，点

In the game we got ten points.

3. n.可数名词 要点；重点

What’s the point of the article?

4. n.不可数名词 意图，目的；理由

There is no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义

There is no point in making any more effort.

常用结构：

point sth. at…用某物指向….,把某物对准…

It’s rude to point your finger at people.

point at 指着

I could see him pointing at me and telling the others guests what I had said.

point to 指向

He pointed to the spot where the house used to stand.

point out 指出

He point out our mistakes.

1.get /have +宾语+done

常用结构：

get /have +宾+done 让…被…

get/have +sb.+doing 让某人一直做…

get +sb.+to do =have sb. do让某人做…

经典例句：

He had/got his hair cut yesterday.昨天他让人给他理发了。

He had his leg broken last night.昨晚他的腿骨折了。

The boss has/gets him working 12 hours a day. 老板让他一天工作12个小时。

4. upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；vt.使心烦

常用结构：

be upset 心烦的， 苦恼的， 不适的

be upset about….因….心烦/苦恼、不适

upset sb.使某人心烦意乱

经典例句：

He was upset about her illness.他为他的病而忧心忡忡。

Don’t upset yourself-no harm has been done. 不要难过——并没什么伤害。

5. calm …down (使)平静下来；（使）镇定下来

常用结构：

keep/stay calm 保持镇静

calm sb./ oneself down 使某人平静下来

经典例句：

Do keep calm in time of danger.在危险时刻一定要保持镇静。

6. concern vt. (使)担忧，涉及n.担心，关注

常用结构：

concern sb.涉及某人；与某人有关；使某人担忧

concern oneself with/about 某人对…感兴趣

be concerned with涉及；与…有关

sb. be concerned about/for 某人担心/关心

经典例句：

The boy’s poor health concerned his parents.

这个男孩的健康状况不佳,这使他的父母担忧.

He is concerned for her safety. 他担心她的安全.

拓展:

of much concern 很重要, 关系重大

be no concern of与…无关

as far as …be concerned 就…而言

It is no concern of mine.=It is none of your business.

As far as I’m concerned ,the meeting is of great importance.

在我看来.这个会议很重要.

7. go through

1. 经历,经受 He has gone through too many wars.

2. 检查,仔细察看 The teacher has gone through all the papers of the students.老师已经批阅了学生的所有试卷.

3. (法律 /议案)被通过

The law has now gone through. 这项法律已经被通过.

4. 完成,做完

I’ve gone through much work.我已经完成了很多工作.

拓展:

look through 浏览,快速查看

get through 顺利通过,穿过;完成;接通电话; 通过(考试/表决等)

pass through 经过, 路过

He looked through her notes before the examination.考试前她匆匆看了一遍笔记.

I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn’t get through.

昨天我试着给你几次电话,但都没打通。

8. set down

1. 记下

I have set down everything that happened.

2. 使坐下,就座

Set the baby down here.让这个小孩坐在这里.

3. 使着陆

The pilot set the plane down hard. 飞行员艰难地将飞机着陆了.

4. 放下,搁下

He set down the bag and rested for a while.他放下旅行袋,休息了一会儿.

9. on purpose 故意

常用结构:

on purpose to do 特意做…

for/with the purpose of …为了….,抱着…的目的

He didn’t say anything on purpose.他故意不说话.

拓展:by chance/accident偶然地, 意处地

I met her quite by chance.我遇到她完全是偶然的.

The discovery was made almost by accident. 这个发现几乎是出于偶然.

10. happen to 碰巧,恰好

happen to do碰巧做

happen to be doing 碰巧在做

happen to have done 碰巧做过

happen to be done碰巧被做

We happen to hold the same view.我们的想法不谋而合.

I happen to have seen the lost bike. 我碰巧见过那辆丢失了的自行车.

It happened that…碰巧….

It happened that he was upstairs.=He happened to be upstairs.

happen to sb. 发生在某人身上

How could this happen to me!这种事怎么会发生在我的身上.

11. suffer与suffer from的辨析

suffer 经受，使遭受（坏事，不愉快的事），其宾语一般是loss(损失), pain（疼痛）, punishmen（惩罚）, defeat（失败）, wrong, hardship, disappointment等。

I will not suffer such conduct. 我不能容忍这种行为。

They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大损失。

suffer from 因……而痛苦

1. suffer from+疾病名词（或者他人闲言碎语、劳累、记忆力减退等），表示患病、为……受苦。

She suffers from headache. 她患头痛病。

I'm suffering from a lack of time this week.我为这周时间不够用而苦。

2. suffer from+自然灾害

suffer from drought 遭受旱灾；suffer from floods 遭受水灾

12. be /get tired of与be /get tired from的辨析

be /get tired of 对…感到厌倦

be/get tired from因…而疲惫

I’m never tired of drinking tea.对于茶我百喝不厌.

He is tired from reading .他读书读累了

13. have trouble with 在….上有困难/麻烦

常用结构:

做某事有困难/麻烦的表达方法

have difficulty /trouble/ problems +(in )doing sth.

have difficulty /trouble/ problems with sth.

I had the greatest difficulty (in )persuading her.

We had no difficulty (in)finding the house.

14. 辨析join in, join, take part in , attend

经典例句:

Ask him to join us for lunch.让他我我们一起吃午饭。

They all joined in singing the Christmas carols.他们一起唱圣诞颂歌。

He took part in the Olympic Games in 2012.他于2012年参加了奥运会。

I shall attend the meeting.我会参加会议的。

15. could/can(not/never)have done 过去（不）可能…,本来（不）能够

I could have seen him yesterday, but I came late.

He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.

二. 本单元重点短语

1.go through 经历；经受；检查； 完成 2. set down 记下，放下

3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的

5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻

7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上

9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动）

join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员）

10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受

12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心

14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…

16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…

17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…

18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.)

19. not…until 直到… 才

20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做… 并不开心

21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

三. 本单元重点句子

1. Add up (增加)your score and see how many points you can get. (P1)

2. Your friend comes to school very upset. The bell rings so you need to go to class. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.(使某人平静下来). / tell your friend that you’ve got to (不得不) go to class. / tell your friend that you are concerned about (关心,挂念) him/her but you have to go to class. You two will meet after class and talk then. (P1)

3. Your friend has gone on holiday (度假) and asked you to take care of （照顾）his /her dog. While walking the dog (遛狗), you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1)

4. Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at (嘲笑) you, or just can’t understand what

you are going through? (经历) (P2)

5. She and her family hid away (躲藏) for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.(P2)

6.I don’t want to settle down (写下) a series of（一系列）facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty. (P2)

7. For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose (故意) until half past eleven one evening in order to（目的是）have a good look at the moon for once by myself. (P2)

8. Another time five months ago, I happened to (碰巧) be upstairs one evening when the window was open„. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face,(面对面) (P2)

9. He used to work (过去常做某事) outdoors even in the middle of winter. (P4)

10. I’ m getting along well with (与某人相处友好)a boy in my class.(P6)

11. Join in (加入) people’s discussion. Try to make friends with(与某人交朋友) one or two classmates. (P7)

12. Mr. Jones lives alone (单独) and often feels lonely.（孤独）We communicate with each other

(相互交流)by Internet /through the Internet.(P42)

13. A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难之交才是真正的朋友) (P46)

14. A friend to all is a friend to none. (滥交者无友) (P46)

15. With clothes the new are the best; with friends the old are the best. (衣服是新的好；朋友是旧的好)(P46)

四、重点句型

（1）I wonder if/weather …我想知道是否…

(It’s) no wonder if/weather…不足为奇，难怪。

It’s a wonder if/weather that… 令人惊奇的是…

（2）强调句型的构成：it is/was…+被强调部分+that+ 其他成分

（3）It is/was the first time /second…+ time that…这是第一次/第二次…

注意：that 从句中的时态必须用完成时。如果前面是is,that从句中则用现在完成时；

如果前面是was，that从句中则用过去完成时。

（4）in order to 以…为目的，用于引导目的状语，放在句首或者句中。

否定形式：in order not to

句式转换：in order to=so as to do （只放在句中） =in order that+句（只放在句中）

=so that+句子（只放在句中）

例1. The village is ______what it looked like when they settled their homes there 20 years ago.

A. not any longer B. no longer C. no more D. not any more

例 2. It is not a serious illness. I guess she will ______ soon.

A. remove B. recover C. replace D. reduce

例3. She ___________ the vase on the table and went out.

A. set out B. set up C. set down D. set on

例4. －Have you finished your experiment report, Jane?

－Oh, my God. I’ve _______ forgotten all about that.

A. strongly B. extremely C. entirely D. freely

例5. We are living a _____life in the country.

A. still B. quiet C. calm D. silent

基础演练

1. 单词拼写

1.Some drivers ____________(忽视)the speed limit.

2.It made her ___________(心烦意乱的)that she didn’t well in the final exam.

3.The company_________(遭受) huge losses because of his careless.

4.She wore a long __________(宽松的)jacket.

5.I __________(碰巧)see her on my way to walk.

巩固提高

二. 单项填空

1. She refused to offer any help, which quite _________all

the people present.

A. excited B. frightened C. upset D. warned

2. The meeting was concerned _________reforms and everyone present was concerned _________their own interests.

A. with; for B. with; with C. for; about D. about; with

3. ——You are always full of_________. Can you tell me the secret?

——Taking plenty of exercise every day.

A. power B. strength C. force D. energy

4. My sister was always _________and careful while I would get excited and upset by the slightest thing.

A. silent B. calm C. quiet D. still

5.一I said hello to you in the street yesterday, but you_________ me completely.

一I’m sorry. Maybe I didn't notice you.

A. cheated B. hid C. ignored D. recognized

6. — what’s the matter with Rod?

— I think he's still________ that we forgot his birthday.

A. excited　　　　　B. loose C. upset D. glad

7.—What’s wrong with him

?

—He’s ________ a bad cold.

A. suffering from B. catching C. having on D. keeping on

8. My father said he would be ________ if the expert could give him some advice on how to give up smoking.

A. grateful B. surprised C. calm D. disappointed

9. (2015丰台一模)With a little more care, you _______ the traffic accident. It’s lucky that you just hurt your arm.

A. can avoid B. avoided C. had avoided D. could have avoided

10._________English, she has to study a second language.

A. In addition to B. Beside C. In addition D. In addition that

11.（2014年湖北10月月考）I listened to Dr. Smith’s lecture about biology, but I failed to get its key.

A. words B. points C. remarks D. notes

12. (2014浙江苍南月考)In those days our primary ________was to provide people who were trapped in the snowstorm with food and health care.

A. anxiety B. concern C. incident D. doubt

13. A driver should ______the road when _________.

A. concentrate on; drive B. concentrate in; driving

C. concentrate to; drove D. concentrate on; driving

三．请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。

1 A group of Frenchmen and _________ are visiting Window to the World.

2 Please wait in line. Everyone will get his ________.

3 The doorknob (门把手) has come _________. Who will fix it?

4 Don’t always stay indoors. You’d better go __________ for fun time.

5 I once studied some Japanese at college, but I’m afraid that I’ve __________ forgotten it now.

6 Don’t scold him. After all, he is only a __________.

7 __________ often follows lightning.

8 People say that __________ is second nature.

9 China is going through good economic __________ these years.

10 Since you have question, why not turn to him for some __________?

11 My child spends most of the time playing online games. It really _________ me.

12 ___________ well with others is considered a kind of ability.

13 Seeing mother smiling at me among the audience, I felt _________ on the stage.

14 No one knew the __________ why he was absent from class a second time.

15 Seeing the famous film star appearing, all the fans became _________.

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一. 把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：

1. We’ve chatted online for some time but we have never met ___________.

2. It is nearly 11 o’clock yet he is not back. His mother ____________ him.

3. The Lius ___________ hard times before liberation.

4. ____________ get a good mark I worked very hard before the exam.

5. I think the window was broken ___________ by someone.

6. You should ___________ the language points on the blackboard. They are useful.

7 .They met at Tom’s party and later on ____________ with each other.

8. You can find ____________ English reading materials in the school library.

9. I am easy to be with and _____________my classmates pretty well.

10. They __________ in a small village so that they might not be found.

11. Which of the following statements is not right ____________ the above passage?

12 .It’s getting dark. I ___________ be off now.

13. More than 1,000 workers ___________ the general strike last week.

14. All her earnings _____________ about 3,000 yuan per month.

二. 阅读理解。

Good lesson

A university student was one day taking a walk with a professor, who was commonly called the students' friend for his kindness to those who waited on his instructions. As they went along, they saw lying in the path a pair of old shoes, which they supposed belonged to a poor man who was employed in a field close by, and who had nearly finished his day’s work.

The student turned to the professor, saying, “ Let’s play the man a trick: we’ll hide his shoes, and then place ourselves behind those bushes, waiting to see his confusion when he cannot find them.”

“My young friend, ” answered the professor, “we should never amuse ourselves at the expense of the poor ”.But you may give yourself a much greater pleasure by means of doing this: “put a coin into each shoe, and then we will hide ourselves and watch how the discovery affects him. ”

The student did so, and they both placed themselves behind the bushes. The poor man soon finished his work and came to the path where he had left his coat and shoes. While putting on his coat, he slipped his foot into one of his shoes. Feeling something hard, he bent down to feel what it was and found the coin. Astonishment and wonder appeared on his face. He looked around, but no one was to be seen. He then put the money into his pocket and went on to put on the other shoe, but his surprise was doubled on finding the other coin. His feeling overcame him. He fell upon his knee, looked up to heaven and gave sincere thanks to God, in which he spoke of his wife, sick and helpless, and his children without bread, whom the timely giving, from some unknown hand, would save from dying. had played your intended trick? ”

The youth replied, “You’ve taught me a lesson I'll never forget. I feel now the truth of those words which I never understood before: “It is more blessed to give than to receive.”

1. What trick had the student intended to play on the poor man?

A. Taking his shoes away

B. Putting coins in his shoes

C. Hiding his coat in the bushes

D. Astonishing him from his back.

2. When did the poor man find the coins in his shoes?

A. When picking the shoes up and shaking them

B. After examining the shoes carefully

C. When finding something shining in the shoes

D. After putting his feet in the shoes

3. How did the poor man feel when finding the coins?

A. Surprised and angry

B. Astonished and thankful

C. Doubtful and helpless

D. Confused and frightened

4. What did the student learn from this unforgettable lesson?

A. He must put coins in poor people’s shoes B. Giving makes him happier than receiving

C. He can always make himself more pleased D. Playing a trick on poor people is very impolite

三. 作文

假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他熟悉中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。

*提出邀请并简述原因；

*提出观剧后活动建议（如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等）

*请求对方回复

注意：

1.请使用规范英语，词数不少于100；

2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：

越剧：Shaoxing Opera 《梁山伯与祝英台》 Butterfly Lovers

天津大剧院Tianjin Grand Theater

Dear Chris,

I have good news to tell you.__________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours, Li Jin